Method of baling



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NW6 M E -Q E. a. NOLT mrmon 0F BALING 5 Shasta-Sheet 1 Original Filed 00%. 50 1951 INVENTOR 6W A3. 7M: 104mm name/6 ATTORNEY Nam H 1958 E. 8. 5mm

METHOD OF BALING 5 Sheets-$heet 2 Original Filed Oct. 30, 1951 INVENTOR 50am 0 72%6 BY fizdmd6/JM ,2

ATTORNEY Nam EH W58 E. NQLT METHOD OF BALING Sheets-Sheec 3 Original Filed Oct. 30 1951 wa m? ATTORNEY 5. NOLT METHOD OF BALING 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed Oct. 30, 1951 INVENTOR BY liunhuz3 ;?Z

flwwzwucmg ATTORNEY E- B. NOLT METHOD OF BALING 5 Shets-Sheet 5 W 0 R D W M E H T INVENTOR f uid/1160 ATTORNEY Nov, H, 1958 Original Filed Oct. 30 1951 dresses METHOD OF BALING Edwin E. Nolt, New Holland, Pa., assignor to New Holland Machine Division of Sperry Rand Corporation, New Holland, lla., a corporation of Delaware Claims. (Cl. Mil-42) This invention relates to an improved method of automatically baling hay or other gathered crop material. In accordance with this method, the baler in moving along a windrow, progressively raises the windrow lengthwise to a generally horizontal level above the ground so that it can be and is transported by the baler without ground interference. While thus being transported, the hay is conveyed rearwardly at substantially the same horizontal level to a bale forming region and simultaneously consolidated and compressed along a path extending away from the windrow at an acute angle and generally diagonally of the direction of transport, by pushing upon it in directions at an acute angle to the path rearwardly progressively and alternately from opposite sides of its mass all the way from the region of initial raising of the hay to the said level to and including the bale forming region. The final push of the series is utilized to form the bale.

Still further objects are to carry out said method so that the pushes are exerted at progressively increased intensity and transversely of the lengthwise stalks or straws of the hay mass.

The present application is a division of my copending application Serial No. 253,783, filed October 30, 1951, now Patent No. 2,757,602, for Automatic Pick-Up Baler and Method of Baling.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 represents a horizontal sectional view, partly broken away of a pick-up baler of a type suitable for carrying out the method of the invention, the view being taken on the line 1-l of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 2, a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3, a fragmentary side elevation of the baler, a portion of the bale chamber side wall, the condenser, and other infeed elements, being removed to permit a clearer view of the plunger;

Figure 4, an end elevation of the plunger as viewed from the left in Figure 3;

Figure 5, a detail section on the line 5--5 of Figure 3, illustrating the connection between the plunger and the wadboard actuating mechanism;

Figure 6, a fragmentary side elevation on a reduced scale, showing the positions assumed by the bale plunger and the pusher relative to the feed opening in the bale casing in the advanced position of the bale plunger;

Figure 7, an enlarged fragmentary elevation of the wadboard, as seen from the rear;

Figure 8, a detail section on the line d-8 of Figure 2, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows;

Figures 9 to 12 inclusive, represent fragmentary sections on the same plane as Figure 1 respectively diagrammatically illustrating successive positions assumed by the several elements of the invention during each operative cycle of the baler plunger;

Figure 13 represents a view similar to Figures 9 to 12, inclusive, showing the manner in which the hinged free end of the wadboard yields forwardly under the pressure atent 6 2,85%,d8 Patented Nov. M, 1953 ttffd of hay, just before the wadboard is withdrawn from the bale chamber; and

Figure 14 represents a diagrammatic illlustration of the manner in which the method of the invention is carried out by the particular mechanism here disclosed.

Figure 15 represents a detail section on the line 15-415 in Fig. 2.

Referring now in detail to the accompanying drawings, the baler which is shown therein by way of exemplification of the invention is provided with a tongue lit for hitching it to the drawbar of a tractor. The baler is preferably provided with a motor 11, but in some instances, power can be delivered to it through a conventional power take-off drive from the tractor.

The baler is adapted to be towed through a field of cut and windrowed hay or other crop material, and it comprises a pick-up means operative to automatically lift the hay from the stubble and deliver it to an infeed mechanism. The infeed mechanism in turn feeds the gathered crop material transversely into the baler casing through a feed opening in one side of the casing. In accordance with usual practice, the baler is operative to compress the hay into bales, tie the formed bales, and eject same onto the ground or onto an accompanying vehicle.

The pick-up The pick-up 12 is mounted on the right-hand side of the machine as it moves through the field and has a reel on its front end that includes a series of spring teeth 13 which rake across the ground and move up around the nose portion of the floor 14 of the pick-up to carry the hay up onto the generally horizontal portion of the floor. The hay is pushed across this horizontal fioor as additional hay is continually picked up and, after feeding across the floor, it is pulled in under the bottom side of the free end auger 15 of the infeed mechanism, which is operative to deliver the hay laterally across the rear end of this portion of the feed box or housing. The pick-up unit 12 has a pair of side Walls 18 which also form a portion of the frame of the pick-up, and these walls are pivotally mounted on arms 19, that turn about the axis of shafts 20 (see Figures 1 and 2) forming the main drive shaft for delivering power to the pick-up device and the feed auger. When the baler is in use, the pick-up is suspended by a spring 21 (see Figure 2), that is disposed on the inner or baler side of the pick-up (as shown in Figure 1). The tension of spring 21 may be adjusted so that the pick-up normally floats at a level such that the raking teeth 13 just clear the ground. As the machine moves through the field, the hay is picked up by the raking fingers 13 of the pick-up reel and is delivered up onto the fioor 14 of the infeed mechanism. The floor 14 is formed of a plurality of spaced channel shaped sections that are mounted on the pick-up as shown in Figure 3. The fingers 13 move through the slots formed between the channel sections to carry the hay up to the auger and the fingers are then retracted downwardly, the hay passing onto the auger without clogging. Also, the channel sections all face upwardly along the horizontal floor section of the pick-up so that any leaves that are shaken free from the stalks are collected in the channels between the side walls thereof and are fed on with the infeeding hay into the infeed mechanism, thus are not lost.

Preferably resilient windguards or hold down means are employed to press the hay down as it feeds up on the floor portion 14. The hold down means illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprises a series of resiliently downwardly biased windguard bars 25 which are supported from the pivotally mounted bar 26 carried at the front of the pick-up. The bar 26 is resiliently urged by oneness spring 27' to move in a direction to cause the windguard bars to bear down on the hay, and the tension of spring 27 may be adjusted by rotary movement of the collar 23 that is pinned to bar 26 and to which collar one end oi the spring is fixed in a manner to wind the coil up or loosen it, the other end of the spring being fixed to the frame of the pick-up. The windguard bars 25 (as shown), are carried at their one end in the bar 26 and extend rearwardly up over the floor of the pick-up mechanism so that their free ends all point toward and ter minate near the auger 15. The hay upon being pushed back is received and acted upon by a suitable cross conveyor such as Ihc'auger in the instant embodiment, such cross conveyor constituting a part of the infeed mechanism hereafter described.

As best illustrated in Figure 2, the bar 26 has an adjusting means at its far or inner end, such means comprising a lever 31 fixed to the inner end of the bar 26 to rotate about its hearings in the stub arm 32. The relationship between the lever 21 and stub arm 32, is controlled by means of the adjustable cam 33 which may be used to raise or lower the free end of lever 31 with respect to the stub arm. The spring 27 at the opposite end of the rod 2% is normally biased to hold the cam 33 pressed firmly against the stub arm so that the windguard bars are resiliently urged to their lowermost position, in which they are spaced somewhat from the fioor 14% of the pickup. The cam 33 however, may be adjusted to vary this spacing as desired.

As hay is fed in under the windguard bars they may be lifted to allow large volumes of hay to pass under them while they maintain 2. proper compacting pressure on the hay to prevent any loss of hay due to the wind blowing it out of the pick-up, and the degree of pressure as well as the spacing of the windguard bars from the floor i i may be adjusted to suit all conditions normally encountered.

When setting the cam 33 initially the cam is adjusted to hold the free ends of the windguard bars 25 spaced somewhat above the surface of the pick-up floor on table 1 5- so that they do not hinder the initial feeding of the hay as it begins to move up over the table 14 and under the fingers. The structure of the pick-up reel is best seen in Figures 1, 2, and 8 and the reel includes several series of the spring fingers 13, each series being carried on one of the several cross shafts which are mounted in suitable spider means 41 keyed to the center shaft 42 that is driven by sprocket 43 (Figure 1) as will appear more fully below. The shafts 40 each have a lever or crank arm 44 keyed thereto, the outer end of the arm having a cam follower 45 fixed thereto, which moves in the cam track 46. it will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings that the cam arrangement is such as to rotate the shafts 40 so that the spring fingers 13 are held projccted as they pass under and around the nose of the pick-up and, as the reel rotates to lift the hay up on to the floor 14 of the pick-up, the cam drives the fingers forwardly with a motion to lift the hay quickly onto the tloor of the pick-up. After the fingers pass around the nose of the pick-up, the spring teeth 13 are rotated backwardly relative to the rotational movement of the reel so that they are retracted vertically from the hay as it is pushed forwardly while the reel continues its rotation. The spring fingers then are projected again as they sweep around under the bottom of the nose of the pick-up to lift the hay from the ground. Obviously the spring fingers will be similarly projected and retracted during repeated rotations of the reel.

Hay feed to compression chamber A plan view of the hay feeding system or infeed mechanism is seen in Figure 1, this view showing the disposition of the infeed mechanism both with respect to the pickup and the baler. The main portion of the feed box or housing is disposed rearwardly of the pick-up and contains a forwardly disposed cross-feed conveyor, as exemplified by the auger id, to receive the gathered crop material from the pick-up unit 12 and convey same toward the baler. The flights of the auger are fixed to the auger tube secured coaxially on a shaft 51 which in turn is supported in a single bearing carried in the wall 52, at the end of the feed housing remote from the baler. The shaft 51 is driven by a sprocket 53 so that it rotates in a direction to pass the hay under and along the rear side of the auger, and with this construction, it is apparent that the hay may pass easily from the auger off of the free end thereof toward the baler in a path transversely to the longitudinal axis of the baler.

Disposed beneath and extending rearwardly upwardly behind the auger 15 is a guide plate 54 which is preferably resiliently floatably mounted to be capable of moving away from the auger under the influence of large masses of crop material passing between the auger and the plate 54-. This is for the purpose of enabling the auger to handle large concentrations or masses of crop material without being jammed.

To this end the forward edge of the plate 54 is hinged, as at 55, to the fixed horizontal bottom 56 of the infeed housing for swinging movement about a horizontal axis. A rigid arm 6'1 carried by the plate 54 and projecting rearwardly from therebeneath is connected by means of a tension spring 62 to a bracket 63 fixed to the supporting hanger or web 59. Thus, the spring will tend to resiliently urge the plate 54 upwardly toward the auger. in order to limit the upper swinging movement of the plate 54 a section or extension 54!) carried by the plate 54 abuts against the cover plate of the feed chamber. It will be noted that the extension 54b extends rearwardly up behind the web 59 and cooperates therewith to form a composite wall structure or balilc separating the auger from the rear portion of the infeed housing in which the wadboard reciprocates. Thus, in effect this composite wall structure constitutes a vertical partition dividing the feed box into relatively parallel compartments for the feed auger and the wadboard re spectively.

The upper section or extension E i-b slidably engages a vertical corner post 57 for movement along same responsive to the movement of the plate 54 about its hinge connection 55. This serves to maintain the extension or section i tb in close proximity to the lower edge of the web 5? thereby preventing the passage of the hay between the web 59 and extension such an arrangement of course requires a flexible connection between the plate 54 and the extension 5411 thereof. In the instant embodiment such a connection 540 is defined by a bolt passing through opposed flanges of the respective plate sections 54 and 54b and having compression springs 5 3d thereon resiliently urging the flanges into fiush abutting relationship, and thus tending to resiliently maintain the two plate sections 54 and 54b in their normal or innermost positions, as shown in Figure 2.

A stripper bar 5? carried by web 59 depending from the horizontal cover as of the infeed housing cooperates with the auger to engage the hay or other gathered crop material and prevent it from wrapping around the auger, thereby causing the bay to be fed continuously transversely toward the baler.

Under normal conditions the pick-up unit will supply hay to the auger more or less uniformly and for a substantial distance lengthwise of the auger, but the hay or other material which is picked up by the anger at its end remote from the baler is of course moved toward the baler and there is thus a constantly increasing quantity of hay or other material to be moved toward the baler. in other words the greatest quantity of hay will naturally be adjacent the free end of the auger because all of the hay picked up anywhere along the length of the auger will be moved toward the free end. To prevent congestion wd jarrmsing and to permit the ready handling of this gradually increasing quantity of material, the stripper bar 58 preferably is made to slant upwardly in a direction approaching the baler, thus, providing a gradually increasing peripheral space within which the hay may accumulate around the anger as the hay moves along the auger toward the baler.

The free end of the auger and the corresponding end 57 (as defined by the end part) of the dividing wall or partition are both spaced a substantial distance from the adjacent sides of the bale casing to provide a longitudinal condenser chamber occupying the inner end of the feed box and extending parallel to the bale chamber on one side thereof. It will be noted that the composite wall or partition 54b59 extends in a direction transecting the condenser chamber in a lengthwise direction, so that the ends of the auger and wadboard compartments both communicate with the condenser chamber.

Disposed in this chamber for reciprocation parallel to and in phase with the reciprocation of the bale plunger is a condenser or pusher 64 which is carried by and is a lateral extension from the bale plunger. A wall 65 fixed to the condenser 64 reciprocates in front of the free end of the auger and is spaced from the auger end a substantial distance which however is relatively small compared to the height of the condenser chamber between its bottom 56 and its top 60; which it will be noted is inclined upwardly from the side of the bale casing, as best shown in Figure 15, to its juncture with the main portion 60 of the feed box cover.

The wall 65 cooperates with the rounded partition end post 57, which is relatively spaced from its path of movement, to define a throat of closed cross-section alongside the condenser path.

Thus, when the side wall 65 is moving in front of the anger, the rotating auger consolidates the windrowed hay in the space between its end and the side 65 of the condenser and laterally compresses the hay into the form of a ribbon disposed on edge and extending vertically for substantially the full distance between the top and bottom of the condenser chamber.

'The throat defined between the partition end post 57 and the side wall 65, in the advanced position of the condenser, permits the hay to extend and feed continuously from the auger 15 into alignment with the wadboard (on the opposite side of partition 5412-59 from the auger) and thence to the feed opening 97, even during the advance stroke of the condenser. When the condenser moves back, the laterally compressed hay will of course expand into the space in front of the condenser to be engaged by the condenser on its next advance stroke and progressed forwardly by it into position for engagement by the wadboard.

The condenser or pusher 64 is carried by the bale plunger for movement therewith and, as above mentioned, functions as a lateral extension of the plunger. preferred embodiment the pusher 64 is mounted on a bracket 66 (see Fig. 3) rigidly secured to the plunger 67, and thus as the plunger reciprocates in the compression chamber 68, the pusher 64 moves with it. The pusher has a generally flat face but has a toothed member 70 fixed to one vertical edge adjacent to the auger 15 as shown in Figure l, the member '70 having a forwardly exposed toothed edge that is adapted to pass in front of the end of the auger to positively engage in the bay to draw the hay rcarwardly from the free end of the auger.

Preferably the toothed member 70 is disposed to grip the hay and drag it rearwardly over the rounded face of corner post 57 without substantially drawing apart or separating the bay.

The primary function of the pusher 64 is to condense and transfer the infecding hay longitudinally from the first cross conveyor or auger 15 to dispose it in proper condition and location for engagement by a second cross conveyor in the form of a wadboard 80 which moves the hay transversely through the feed opening in timed rela- In the g tion to the movement of the plunger, and uniformly distributes and precornpresses the hay across the baler compression chamber 68 in the path of the plunger when the latter is retracted, the Wadboard then being withdrawn out of the path of the plunger on the compression stroke of the latter.

It will be noted that the wadboard, pusher and anger are all disposed and operate in a common horizontal plane with the main baler plunger, thus requiring no el vation of the hay to different levels by the infeed mechanism, and in addition all of the several elements of the infeed mechanism may be covered and guarded by the horizontal cover plate 60 of the infeed housing.

The cover plate 60 cooperates with the partition deb-4'29 and other parts of the feed bolt to enclose the auger and wadboard in compartments of closed crosssection, save for feed openings. Also, its sloping portion 60 serves together with the feed box. bottom, the condenser wall 65, and the relatively spaced auger end and relatively spaced end post 57, in defining a passage of closed cross-section, save for feed openings, within the condenser box. The cover plate also guards against bodily injuries to persons who might otherwise fall or thrust limbs into the infeed mechanism.

The Wad'board 8% in the instant embodiment is provided with a. pair of hard Wood pieces iii. and 32 both of which have saw tooth shaped ends, and includes a metal frame piece 33 that provides an expanded surface at the end of the wadboard. The metal frame 83 has an additional stepped back toothed edge 34 fixed thereon that assists in the even distribution of the hay across the bale chamber and which also functions to drag into the bale chamber any hay that may be entrapped between the wadboard and the safety door hereinafter described.

The cross sectional shape of the wadboard is best illustrated in Figure l, in which it is seen that the wad-board reciprocates back and forth through an aperture 8- 5 in the wall 85. The wood piece 32 is carried in the metal frame piece 83 which is fixedly supported from the other wood piece 81. The entire wadboard astembly is mounted in slide ways 86 and 37 which engage around the edges of the vertically disposed board till. This construction is provided to guide the wadboard 30 as it reciprocatcs into and out of the compression chamber db in opposite phase to the movement of the compression plunger 67.

As shown in Figure 2, the wadboard has a downwardly extending arm 96 fixed thereto and this arm is pinned to a sprocket chain 91 that is carried around suitable wheels for oscillation in a horizontal plane. The chain 91 is driven from the motion of plunger 67, in the preferred embodiment, as will appear below, and when the compression plunger moves in the compression chamber, the chain 91 is driven so that the wadboard 8? is moved in timed relation to the motion of the compression plunger.

In order to avoid damage to the wadboard such as might result from the compression of hay thercagsinst by the plunger before the wad-board is completely retracted from the compression chamber, it is desirable to provide the wadboard with a resiliently yield-able free end section 92, as best illustrated in Figures 1 and 7. This yieldable section 92 is hingedly connected to the main section of the board 81, as at 93, a coil spring 9- 5 being disposed around the hinge pintle with its opposite ends abutting against the board 81 and binge section 93 respectively to normally maintain these sections in alignment. It will be seen that the spring 94 will yield as shown in Figure 13 to permit the hinge section 92 to swing rearwardly in the event a compression force of predetermined magnitude is exerted due to the compression of hay against the section 92 by the plunger.

As best illustrated in Figure l, a safety door 95 is shown disposed at the end of longitudinal feed passage and adjacent the junction of the motions of the pusher and the wadboard. The door is pivotally mounted on the escapes frame of the feed chamber to open outwardly and is urged to a close position by an over center spring 96. The safety door is provided so that if for any reason hay cannot be fed into the compression chamber while the pusher 64 continues to deliver wads of hay forwardly, the hay may force the door 95 open and pass out to fall on the ground. It is essential that a build up of hay be prevented in order to avoid any damage from a jamming of hay in front of pusher 64.

In normal operation, however, reciprocating in opposite phase to the plunger, the wadboard 80 feeds the hay from the longitudinal feed passage into the compression chamber through the feed opening 97 in the side wall of the compression chamber when the plunger 67 is retracting, and as the plunger moves forwardly the wadboard is retracted. Upon the continued forward motion of the plunger at, the newly fed hay is compacted and anvil means 98 on the plunger cooperates with a stationary knife 99 on the bale case to sever the stalks of hay that project through the feed opening W of the compression chamber.

The baler proper which is only shown fragmentarily may be of generally conventional construction in which the reciprocating plunger 67 is arranged to compress the hay into bales, the completed bales being tied by conventional tying means (not illustrated) and the action of the plunger being utilized to eject the formed and tied bales.

it will be noted that the face of the plunger ti? is vertically slotted in usual manner to cooperate with the vertically swinging twine feeding needles of the twine tier mechanism, and disposed adjacent edges of the slots are punches or projections 100 carried in advance of the plunger face is clearly shown in Figure 3. With the provision of such projections 109, the feed motion of the twine needles may be advanced somewhat so that the needles can start to move on their path through the cornpression chamber before the face of the plunger pushes the hay all the way back in the chamber. The needles may be timed to move in as soon as the triangular projections of punches have cleared the path. In this manner a longer time period may be provided in which to complete the ties without slowing down the plunger motion while completing the tying cycle.

Referring still to the plunger, it is designed to fit loosely within the generally rectangular bale compression chamber 68, and is provided with wooden bearing strips Ml. at its edges, these bearing strips slidably guiding the plunger in its reciprocation through the metal compression chamber 68.

Drive system The power drive system for the machine is shown in Figures 1 and 2, being illustrated schematically in Figure 2. Referring to the plan view of Figure 1, the engine 111 delivers power to the drive sheave 170 through which power is transmitted by belt to the flywheel 171. The flywheel is connected directly to the drive shaft gear box 572 where suitable gear reduction is made and the output of the gear box is connected to one end of the crank shaft US. As the crank shaft rotates it pushes the compression plunger 67 back and forth in the bale compression chamber to accomplish the desired compression of the several slices of the hay into a bale. The opposite end of the crank shaft has a pair of sprocket wheels 173 and .174 keyed thereon. The sprocket wheel 173 meshes with and drives a drive chain 175, shown fragmentarily, which is adapted to actuate the tier mechanism in timed relation to the reciprocation of the plunger, in accordance with more or less conventional practice.

The sprocket wheel 17% drives a chain 176 which in turn rotates a sprocket wheel 178 fixed to one of the plates of a clutch 179 on the drive shaft 20, the clutch 179 being a conventional slip clutch so that if any jams are encountered in the pick-up conveyor system the plunger in the bale chamber can be continuously driven to compress hay in order to prevent clogging of the entire machine. The output side of clutch 179 is connected to the one end of drive shaft 20 which shaft delivers power from its opposite end to sprocket wheels 131 and 182 and through chains 183 and 184 to the sprockets 185 and 53 respectively fixed to the pick-up shaft 42 and the feed auger shaft 51. The motion of the compressor plunger 67 is utilized to drive the wadboard 80 as suggested above. For this purpose, and as best illustrated in Figures 3 and 5, the plunger is fixedly connected with a horizontally disposed sprocket chain 191 that is thus oscillated as the plunger moves back and forth in the compression chamber. The chain 191 is carried on sprockets 192 and 193 that are mounted to rotate in a plane below the under side of the bale chamber and sprocket 193 is keyed to drive shaft 194 that drives sprocket 195. The sprocket 195 engages chain l96 which is thus oscillated in timed relation with the motion of the plunger, and one side of chain 196 is fixed by a link to the wadboard it to cause it to move in and out of the compression chamber in timed relation to the motion of the plunger 67. In this manner, hay is stuffed into the chamber as the plunger retracts and the wadboard is withdrawn when the plunger motion is reversed.

In accordance with the invention, the connection between the plunger 67 and sprocket 191 comprises a bracket 2% fixed to the plunger and slidably receiving the chain 191. A stop Zill secured on the chain abuts against the bracket fifth in a direction to be engaged thereby on the compression stroke of the plunger. Normally the bracket and stop are secured together by frangible elements such as the bolts 262, which are adapted to part under excessive tension and to allow the bracket 2% to be retracted with the plunger away from the stub 201 without moving the chain l9l.

Thus, if the wadboard should ever become jammed so that the frangible bolts 2% are broken, the construction is such that even-though the infeed stroke of the wadboard is interrupted before completion, the abutment between the stop Ztil and the bracket 2th) will function to retract the wadboard as the plunger moves forwardly. With such means the wadboard is positively withdrawn, even though a jam is encountered, Without any more serious damage than the breaking of the bolts Operation As the baler is drawn lengthwise of a windrow, the pick-up mechanism progressively raises the windrow lengthwise to a generally horizontal level above the ground and delivers it to the auger 15 of the infeed mechanism. It is then delivered into the bale chamber by the successive actions of the auger l5, condenser dd and wadboard St).

The operation of the infecd mechanism is illustrated diagrammatically in successive steps in Figures 9 to 12 respectively, in each of which the direction and extent of movement of the plunger and wadboard from the pre ceding position is indicated by the broken line arrows.

in Figure 9, the several infee-d elements are shown in the positions which they assume just as the bale plunger 67 is retracted out of the path of reciprocation of the wadboard 80. At this time it will be seen that the wadboard has already moved a substantial distance on its advance stroke, having at this time crossed the condenser chamber in front of the condenser as and commenced its entry into the bale chamber. In so moving, the wadboard will have thrust against that portion of the windrow pressed longitudinally into its path on the preceding advance stroke of the condenser, and will have pressed much of the windrow head into the bale chamber, while other portions of said windrow head will have commenced to fold around the end of the wadboard, as shown.

As the bale plunger continues its retraction from the position of Figure 9 to its fully retracted position, as in aseaees Figure l0, the wadboard advances into the bale chamber to its full extent, thus, compressing the portion of the windrow head in alignment therewith against the far side of the bale chamber, and also dragging in a further portion of the windrow head which is folded around the wadboard end on both sides of the wadboard.

The windrow will then extend from the wadboard, in what is believed to be a continuous rope, across the condenser chamber to the feed auger. At the same time it will be noted by reference to Figure 10 that the condenser is retracted beyond the auger, and the latter, being directly in line with a portion of the feed opening into the bale chamber, can momentarily urge some of the hay of the windrow directly across the condenser chamber into the bale chamber, thereby supplementing the action of the wadboard.

As the bale plunger 67 then begins its compression stroke, carrying with it the condenser 64, the wadboard is retracted from the bale chamber and out of the path of the advancing plunger and condenser. Thus, by the time the plunger has advanced to the position indicated in Figure ll, the wadboard will have been retracted out of the bale chamber and clear of the path of the condenser which in turn engages the windrow and progresses same so that the next succeeding windrow head is disposed for engagement by the wadboard on its next advance stroke.

As the wadboard is retracted from the bale chamber, from the position of the Figure 10 to that of Figure ll, the advancing bale plunger compresses hay against it. As shown in Figure 13, this pressure is relieved by yielding movement of the wadboard end 92 to avoid possible breakage of the wadboard.

As the plunger 67 moves to the end of its compression stroke, as shown'in Figure 12, the wadboard is fully retracted out of the path of the advancing windrow. At this time the consolidated main body of the windrow is sheared off at the feed opening by the combined action of the knife 99 and the anvil 98 carried by the plunger. It will then be precompressed in front of the fully advanced condenser 64 and will extend from the feed opening across the face of the condenser, thence, between the corner post 57 and the condenser side wall 65 to the feed auger and the space between the side wall 65 and auger 15.

After the condenser has moved between the auger 15 and the feed opening, as in Figures 11 and 12, it will be apparent the auger is no longer able to urge any portion of the windrow directly into the bale chamber. However, the continuously rotating auger continues to feed the windrow, which at this point is consolidated in the space between the auger end and the condenser side wall 65. Such compression of the windrow against the side wall 65 will cause the hay to expand across the condenser chamber into the path of the condenser, immediately following subsequent retraction of the condenser beyond the auger.

From the position shown in Figure 12, the plunger then is retracted through the position shown in Figure 9. During such movement the wadboard moves the next windrow head into the bale chamber in the manner above described, and the entire cycle of operation is repeated.

In connection with the operation of the infeed mechanism it is of importance to note that the condenser 64 is displaced rearwardly from the operative end of the bale plunger 67. Thus, the condenser is retracted clear of the path of movement of the wadboard at the initial 7 stage of the plunger retraction stroke (as in Figure 11, but with the arrows reversed), permitting the wadboard to commence its operative stroke past the condenser even before the bale plunger is retracted completely from the path of the wadboard. Conversely, on the compression stroke of the plunger, the retraction of the wadboard may be so timed as to provide only a minimum clearance with the plunger, while still allowing an ample margin of clearance between the wadboard and the condenser which,

lid due to its rearwardly staggered position, lags behind the plunger on its compression stroke.

Thus, the wadboard is permitted to enter the bale chamber as far as is necessary in order to properly distribute the hay thereacross, and to remain therein for a maximum period between compression strokes of the plunger. A superior distribution and conditioning of hay in the chamber is thus attained.

During the passage of the windrow from the pick-up 13 into the bale chamber, it will be seen that the windrow is passed under the auger 15 in the form of a horizontal sheet. As this sheet is moved endwise of the auger and consolidated in the space between the end of the auger and the vertical condenser wall 65, as in Figure 12, it is transformed into a vertical band or ribbon, the transverse auger pressure serving to consolidate the ribbon and to expand it vertically to occupy the full vertical space between the top and bottom of the feed box. At this stage the ribbon is flanked laterally by the end of the auger 15 and the rounded post 57 on the one hand and by the condenser cut-off wall 57 on the other hand. Thus, at times the end of the auger 15, rounded corner post 57 and condenser side wall cooperate with the top and bottom of the feed box to define a condenser chamber of substantially closed cross-section.

This vertical dimension of the windrow is maintained substantially constant as it expands laterally into the path of the condenser as the latter is retracted, and then, on the advance stroke of the condenser, is progressed into position for engagement by the wadboard. Thus, the portion of the windrow which, at any given time, may be disposed for engagement by the wadboard on its next succeeding stroke, occupies the condenser chamber for its full vertical extent.

Since the main portion of the feed box cover 60 is disposed at a substantially higher level than is the top of the bale chamber 68, and is connected to the casing by a portion 68 (Figure 2) which slopes downwardly across the condenser chamber to the upper edge of the feed opening 97, it will be apparent that as the wadboard 30 moves this section of the windrow into the bale chamber, the sloping cover portion. 68 will have a cam action tending to press down against and vertically consolidate the upper portion of the windrow so that the latter, after passing through the feed opening 97 (the upper edge of which is slightly lower than the top of the bale chamber) will expand against the top of the bale chamber. The engagement of the hay by the toothed end of the wadboard supports it against bodily downward movement, and thus localizes the consolidating action of the sloping cover portion 68', and the normally relatively dense bottom portion of the hay, in passing through the feed opening 97, expands downwardly somewhat from the level of the feed box bottom to the somewhat lower level of the bottom of the bale chamber.

The continued advance of the hay across the bale chamber distributes the hay all of the way across same, as above described. Thus, due to the consolidating of the upper portion of the hay, and the simultaneous expansion of the lower portion, the hay received in the bale chamber will be of substantially uniform density throughout its vertical extent. The invention thereby overcomes the difficulty inherent in side feed balers in uniformly filling the bale chamber for its full depth,

In functioning as above described, it will be apparent that the pick-up and infeed mechanism cooperate with the baler to carry out a new and improved method of 'baling hay. Thus, it will be apparent that as the baler moves along a windrow, the pick-up progressively raises the windrow and delivers it to the feed auger. While the picked up hay is transported, the infeed mechanism conveys it rearwardly at a substantially constant horizontal level to the bale forming region defined by the bale chamher. As the hay is conveyed rearwardly and baled, it will be seen that it is simultaneously consolidated and compressed along a path extending away from the windrow at an acute angle to and generally diagonally of the direction of transport, by the successive actions of the auger 15, condenser 64, wadboard 80 and bale plunger 67, which push upon it in directions at an acute angle to its path rearwardly, the pushes being applied progressively and alternately from opposite sides of its mass, all the way from its reception by the auger to and including the bale forming region, as defined by the bale chamber. Thus, the final push of the series is used to form the bale, and it will be apparent that the bale plunger itself takes part in the conveying process.

I claim:

1. A method of automatically baling the hay of a windrow which consists in progressively raising the windrow lengthwise to general horizontal level above the ground such as to enable it to be transported without ground interference, so transporting it as it is raised, and while it is being so transported, rearwardly conveying it at substantially the same horizontal level to a bale forming region, meanwhile horizontally consolidating the transported windrow to a ribbon like form disposed on edge in a vertical plane, and while maintaining said ribbon like windrow in a vertical attitude, folding it into the bale forming region.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said hay is consolidated and compressed along a path extending away from the windrow at an acute angle and generally diagonally of the direction of transport by pushing upon it in directions at an acute angle to the path rearwardly progressively and alternately from opposite sides of its mass all the way from the region of initial raising of the hay to the said level to and including the bale form ing region, the final push of the series being utilized to form the bale.

3. A method according to claim 2, in which the pushes are exerted at progressively increased intensity.

4. A method according to claim 2 in which the pushes are exerted transversely of the lengthwise straws of the hay mass.

5. The method of automatically baling the bay of a windrow which consists in progressively raising the windrow lengthwise to a generally horizontal level above the ground such as to enable it to be transported with out ground interference, so transporting it as it is raised, and while it is being so transported rearwardly conveying it at substantially the same horizontal level to a bale forming region, and simultaneously consolidating and compressing it along a path extending away from the windrow at an acute angle generally diagonal to the direction of transport, by pushing upon it in directions at an acute angle to said path progressively and alternately from opposite sides of said path, the final push being utilized to form the bale.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 365,824 La'Dow July 5, 1887 455,731 Bates July 14-, 1891 771,576 Sanders Oct. 4, 1904 900,588 Rapp Oct. 6, 1908 1,044,142 Cool; Nov. 12, 1912 2,450,082 Crurnp et a1. Sept. 28, 1948 2,571,489 Russell Oct. 16, 1951 2,674,839 Russell Apr. 13, 1954 FOREEGN PATENTS 114,961 Germany Nov. 30, 1900 

